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Now with concrete, vehicle and home temps and profiles
This commit is contained in:
fraxle
2026-05-14 22:57:42 +01:00
parent 34f773ae79
commit e0712300e5
4 changed files with 489 additions and 41 deletions
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assets/js/app.js
+144 -28
View File
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
import { h, render, Fragment } from '../vendor/preact.js';
import { useState, useEffect, useLayoutEffect, useRef } from '../vendor/preact-hooks.js';
import htm from '../vendor/htm.js';
import { vaporPressureHpa, solarElevationDeg, calcTmrt, utciApprox } from './physics.js';
import { vaporPressureHpa, solarElevationDeg, calcTmrt, utciApprox, calcConcreteTemp, calcVehicleInteriorTemp, calcIndoorTempPass } from './physics.js';
import {
utciCategory, precipPenalty, windCompass8, uvSplit,
SKIN_TYPES, sunburnMinutes, burnLabel,
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ export function UTCIForecast() {
// FLIP THE `false` BELOW TO `true` TO PREVIEW THE PRO EXPERIENCE.
// When this is wired to real billing/auth, replace `useState(false)`
// with a check against the logged-in user.
const [isPro, setIsPro] = useState(false);
const [isPro, setIsPro] = useState(true);
// How many days the free tier shows. Days beyond this get a 🔒.
// Bump this number if you want to give free users more access.
@@ -123,27 +123,37 @@ export function UTCIForecast() {
basic: {
label: 'Basic',
icon: '🌡️',
cols: { hour: true, air: true, rh: false, dew: false, wind: true, dir: false, cloud: true, sun: false, direct: false, diffuse: false, tmrt: false, delta: false, utci: false, uvA: false, uvB: false, burn: false, utciP: true, precip: true, soilT: false, soilT6: false, soilM: false },
cols: { hour: true, air: true, rh: false, dew: false, wind: true, dir: false, cloud: true, sun: false, direct: false, diffuse: false, tmrt: false, delta: false, utci: false, uvA: false, uvB: false, burn: false, utciP: true, precip: true, soilT: false, soilT6: false, soilM: false, concreteT: false, vehicleT: false, indoorT: false },
},
urban: {
label: 'Urban',
icon: '🏙️',
cols: { hour: true, air: true, rh: false, dew: false, wind: true, dir: false, cloud: true, sun: true, direct: true, diffuse: true, tmrt: true, delta: true, utci: true, uvA: true, uvB: true, burn: true, utciP: true, precip: true, soilT: false, soilT6: false, soilM: false },
cols: { hour: true, air: true, rh: false, dew: false, wind: true, dir: false, cloud: true, sun: false, direct: false, diffuse: false, tmrt: false, delta: false, utci: false, uvA: true, uvB: true, burn: true, utciP: true, precip: true, soilT: false, soilT6: false, soilM: false, concreteT: true, vehicleT: false, indoorT: false },
},
farming: {
label: 'Farming',
icon: '🌾',
cols: { hour: true, air: true, rh: true, dew: true, wind: true, dir: false, cloud: true, sun: true, direct: true, diffuse: true, tmrt: false, delta: false, utci: false, uvA: false, uvB: false, burn: false, utciP: true, precip: true, soilT: true, soilT6: true, soilM: true },
cols: { hour: true, air: true, rh: true, dew: true, wind: true, dir: false, cloud: true, sun: true, direct: true, diffuse: true, tmrt: false, delta: false, utci: false, uvA: false, uvB: false, burn: false, utciP: true, precip: true, soilT: true, soilT6: true, soilM: true, concreteT: false, vehicleT: false, indoorT: false },
},
sailing: {
label: 'Sailing',
icon: '⛵',
cols: { hour: true, air: false, rh: false, dew: false, wind: true, dir: true, cloud: true, sun: true, direct: false, diffuse: false, tmrt: false, delta: false, utci: false, uvA: true, uvB: true, burn: true, utciP: true, precip: true, soilT: false, soilT6: false, soilM: false },
cols: { hour: true, air: false, rh: false, dew: false, wind: true, dir: true, cloud: true, sun: true, direct: false, diffuse: false, tmrt: false, delta: false, utci: false, uvA: true, uvB: true, burn: true, utciP: true, precip: true, soilT: false, soilT6: false, soilM: false, concreteT: false, vehicleT: false, indoorT: false },
},
vehicle: {
label: 'Vehicle',
icon: '🚗',
cols: { hour: true, air: true, rh: false, dew: false, wind: false, dir: false, cloud: true, sun: false, direct: false, diffuse: false, tmrt: false, delta: false, utci: false, uvA: true, uvB: true, burn: true, utciP: true, precip: true, soilT: false, soilT6: false, soilM: false, concreteT: false, vehicleT: true, indoorT: false },
},
home: {
label: 'Home',
icon: '🏠',
cols: { hour: true, air: true, rh: false, dew: false, wind: false, dir: false, cloud: true, sun: false, direct: false, diffuse: false, tmrt: false, delta: false, utci: false, uvA: false, uvB: false, burn: false, utciP: true, precip: true, soilT: false, soilT6: false, soilM: false, concreteT: false, vehicleT: false, indoorT: true },
},
custom: {
label: 'Custom',
icon: '⚙️',
cols: { hour: true, air: true, rh: false, dew: false, wind: true, dir: false, cloud: false, sun: false, direct: false, diffuse: false, tmrt: false, delta: false, utci: false, uvA: false, uvB: false, burn: false, utciP: true, precip: true, soilT: false, soilT6: false, soilM: false },
cols: { hour: true, air: true, rh: false, dew: false, wind: true, dir: false, cloud: false, sun: false, direct: false, diffuse: false, tmrt: false, delta: false, utci: false, uvA: false, uvB: false, burn: false, utciP: true, precip: true, soilT: false, soilT6: false, soilM: false, concreteT: false, vehicleT: false, indoorT: false },
},
};
@@ -160,7 +170,7 @@ export function UTCIForecast() {
tmrt: false, delta: false, utci: false,
uvA: false, uvB: false, burn: false,
utciP: true, precip: true,
soilT: false, soilT6: false, soilM: false,
soilT: false, soilT6: false, soilM: false, concreteT: false, vehicleT: false, indoorT: false,
});
const toggleCol = (col) => setVisibleCols(prev => ({ ...prev, [col]: !prev[col] }));
@@ -173,11 +183,82 @@ export function UTCIForecast() {
// and its inner "track" gets translateX'd via JS to follow the body's
// scrollLeft. See the useLayoutEffect just below where the JS sync
// happens, and the .utci-thead-sticky / .utci-tbody-scroll CSS rules.
const headStickyRef = useRef(null);
const headTrackRef = useRef(null);
const headTableRef = useRef(null);
const bodyScrollRef = useRef(null);
const bodyTableRef = useRef(null);
const headStickyRef = useRef(null);
const headTrackRef = useRef(null);
const headTableRef = useRef(null);
const bodyScrollRef = useRef(null);
const bodyTableRef = useRef(null);
const tableWrapRef = useRef(null);
// ─── TABLE SCROLL INDICATORS ─────────────────────────────────────────
// Track whether the body scroller can scroll left/right so we can show
// fade + chevron indicators on the table edges.
const [tableCanScrollLeft, setTableCanScrollLeft] = useState(false);
const [tableCanScrollRight, setTableCanScrollRight] = useState(false);
const updateTableScrollIndicators = () => {
const el = bodyScrollRef.current;
if (!el) return;
setTableCanScrollLeft(el.scrollLeft > 1);
setTableCanScrollRight(el.scrollLeft + el.clientWidth < el.scrollWidth - 1);
};
// ─── DRAG-TO-SCROLL ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
// Attach pointer-event drag scrolling to the body scroller so desktop
// users can click-drag the table horizontally.
useEffect(() => {
const el = bodyScrollRef.current;
if (!el) return;
let isDown = false;
let startX = 0;
let startScroll = 0;
const onMouseDown = (e) => {
// Only act on clicks that land inside the body scroller
if (!el.contains(e.target)) return;
if (e.button !== 0) return;
if (e.target.closest('button, a, input, select')) return;
isDown = true;
startX = e.clientX;
startScroll = el.scrollLeft;
el.style.cursor = 'grabbing';
document.body.style.userSelect = 'none';
document.body.style.webkitUserSelect = 'none';
};
const onMouseMove = (e) => {
if (!isDown) return;
const dx = e.clientX - startX;
el.scrollLeft = startScroll - dx;
};
const onMouseUp = () => {
if (!isDown) return;
isDown = false;
el.style.cursor = '';
document.body.style.userSelect = '';
document.body.style.webkitUserSelect = '';
};
// Attach everything to document so Preact's synthetic event system
// cannot intercept or swallow the events before we see them.
document.addEventListener('mousedown', onMouseDown);
document.addEventListener('mousemove', onMouseMove);
document.addEventListener('mouseup', onMouseUp);
// Also update indicators on scroll
el.addEventListener('scroll', updateTableScrollIndicators);
return () => {
document.removeEventListener('mousedown', onMouseDown);
document.removeEventListener('mousemove', onMouseMove);
document.removeEventListener('mouseup', onMouseUp);
el.removeEventListener('scroll', updateTableScrollIndicators);
};
}, [forecast]);
// Update indicators after layout sync (columns may have changed width)
useEffect(() => {
updateTableScrollIndicators();
}, [forecast, visibleCols, selectedDay]);
// ─── TABLE SCROLL SYNC ───────────────────────────────────────────────
// The hourly table is rendered as two stacked scroll areas:
@@ -192,6 +273,7 @@ export function UTCIForecast() {
const body = bodyScrollRef.current;
if (!track || !body) return;
track.style.transform = `translate3d(${-body.scrollLeft}px, 0, 0)`;
updateTableScrollIndicators();
};
useLayoutEffect(() => {
@@ -392,6 +474,7 @@ export function UTCIForecast() {
const soilT0 = h.soil_temperature_0cm ? h.soil_temperature_0cm[i] : null;
const soilT6 = h.soil_temperature_6cm ? h.soil_temperature_6cm[i] : null;
const soilM = h.soil_moisture_0_to_1cm ? h.soil_moisture_0_to_1cm[i] : null;
const concreteT = calcConcreteTemp(Ta, glob, va);
// iso is a local wall-clock string e.g. "2026-05-13T14:00" (no Z).
// For display we slice the string directly — no Date object needed.
// For solarElevationDeg (which uses .getUTC* internally) we need the
@@ -401,6 +484,7 @@ export function UTCIForecast() {
// dt kept for SkyScope / backward compat — same as dtUTC.
const dt = dtUTC;
const elev = solarElevationDeg(location.lat, location.lon, dtUTC);
const vehicleT = calcVehicleInteriorTemp(Ta, glob, elev);
const eh = vaporPressureHpa(Ta, RH);
const Tmrt = calcTmrt(Ta, dir, dif, glob, elev);
const utci = utciApprox(Ta, Tmrt, va, eh);
@@ -414,11 +498,22 @@ export function UTCIForecast() {
cc, ccLow, ccMid, ccHigh, cloudCat,
uv, uvA, uvB,
precip, snow,
soilT0, soilT6, soilM,
soilT0, soilT6, soilM, concreteT, vehicleT,
elev, Tmrt, utci, utciAdj, eh, compass,
};
}) : [];
// Two-pass indoor temperature: needs the full hourly arrays so thermal
// lag can look back at previous hours. Run after hourlyRows is built,
// then stamp each row with its indoorT value.
if (hourlyRows.length > 0) {
const TaArr = hourlyRows.map(r => r.Ta);
const globArr = hourlyRows.map(r => r.glob);
const elevArr = hourlyRows.map(r => r.elev);
const indoorTemps = calcIndoorTempPass(TaArr, globArr, elevArr);
hourlyRows.forEach((r, i) => { r.indoorT = indoorTemps[i]; });
}
// Group those hourly rows into days for the day tabs.
const days = [];
hourlyRows.forEach(row => {
@@ -783,9 +878,12 @@ export function UTCIForecast() {
{ key: 'air', label: 'Air' },
{ key: 'rh', label: 'RH' },
{ key: 'dew', label: 'Dew' },
{ key: 'soilT', label: 'Soil °C' },
{ key: 'soilT6', label: 'Soil 6cm' },
{ key: 'soilM', label: 'Soil moist' },
{ key: 'soilT', label: 'Soil °C' },
{ key: 'soilT6', label: 'Soil 6cm' },
{ key: 'soilM', label: 'Soil moist' },
{ key: 'concreteT', label: 'Concrete' },
{ key: 'vehicleT', label: 'Vehicle' },
{ key: 'indoorT', label: 'Indoors' },
{ key: 'wind', label: 'Wind' },
{ key: 'dir', label: 'Dir' },
{ key: 'cloud', label: 'Cloud' },
@@ -837,7 +935,9 @@ export function UTCIForecast() {
show, remove the visibleCols check around it. To rename a
heading, edit the text inside the matching <th>.
-->
<div class="utci-table-wrap">
<div class=${`utci-table-wrap${tableCanScrollLeft ? ' scroll-fade-left' : ''}${tableCanScrollRight ? ' scroll-fade-right' : ''}`} ref=${tableWrapRef}>
<span class="utci-scroll-chevron left" aria-hidden="true">‹</span>
<span class="utci-scroll-chevron right" aria-hidden="true">›</span>
<!-- Sticky header strip — locks to viewport top. Clipped
horizontally; the inner .utci-thead-track is shifted
via translateX from JS to follow the body's scrollLeft.
@@ -853,7 +953,10 @@ export function UTCIForecast() {
${visibleCols.dew && html`<th>Dew <span class="col-unit">°C</span></th>`}
${visibleCols.soilT && html`<th>Soil °C <span class="col-unit">surface</span></th>`}
${visibleCols.soilT6 && html`<th>Soil 6cm <span class="col-unit">°C root</span></th>`}
${visibleCols.soilM && html`<th>Soil moist <span class="col-unit">m³/m³</span></th>`}
${visibleCols.soilM && html`<th>Soil moist <span class="col-unit">m³/m³</span></th>`}
${visibleCols.concreteT && html`<th>Concrete <span class="col-unit">°C surface</span></th>`}
${visibleCols.vehicleT && html`<th>Vehicle <span class="col-unit">°C peak</span></th>`}
${visibleCols.indoorT && html`<th>Indoors <span class="col-unit">°C est.</span></th>`}
${visibleCols.wind && html`<th>Wind <span class="col-unit">m/s (gust)</span></th>`}
${visibleCols.dir && html`<th class="utci-dir-cell">Dir <span class="col-unit">-</span></th>`}
${visibleCols.cloud && html`<th>Cloud <span class="col-unit">%</span></th>`}
@@ -886,7 +989,8 @@ export function UTCIForecast() {
const delta = r.utci - r.Ta;
const adjCat = utciCategory(r.utciAdj);
// r.iso is the local wall-clock string from the API — slice it directly.
const localHHMM = r.iso.slice(11, 16);
const h24 = parseInt(r.iso.slice(11, 13), 10);
const localHHMM = h24 === 0 ? '12am' : h24 < 12 ? `${h24}am` : h24 === 12 ? '12pm' : `${h24 - 12}pm`;
return html`
<tr key=${r.iso}
class=${`${isNight ? 'is-night' : ''} ${isNow ? 'is-now' : ''}`.trim()}>
@@ -900,11 +1004,23 @@ export function UTCIForecast() {
${visibleCols.rh && html`<td>${Math.round(r.RH)}</td>`}
${visibleCols.dew && html`<td>${r.dew != null ? r.dew.toFixed(1) : '—'}</td>`}
${visibleCols.soilT && html`
<td style=${{ color: '#8a6a3a' }}>${r.soilT0 != null ? r.soilT0.toFixed(1) : '—'}</td>`}
<td style=${{ color: '#6b4a1c' }}>${r.soilT0 != null ? r.soilT0.toFixed(1) : '—'}</td>`}
${visibleCols.soilT6 && html`
<td style=${{ color: '#8a6a3a' }}>${r.soilT6 != null ? r.soilT6.toFixed(1) : '—'}</td>`}
<td style=${{ color: '#6b4a1c' }}>${r.soilT6 != null ? r.soilT6.toFixed(1) : '—'}</td>`}
${visibleCols.soilM && html`
<td style=${{ color: '#5090b0' }}>${r.soilM != null ? r.soilM.toFixed(3) : '—'}</td>`}
<td style=${{ color: '#2a6a90' }}>${r.soilM != null ? r.soilM.toFixed(3) : '—'}</td>`}
${visibleCols.concreteT && html`
<td style=${{ color: r.concreteT != null && r.concreteT > 40 ? '#c0392b' : r.concreteT != null && r.concreteT > 30 ? '#e67e22' : '#7f8c8d', fontWeight: 'bold' }}>
${r.concreteT != null ? r.concreteT.toFixed(1) : '—'}
</td>`}
${visibleCols.vehicleT && html`
<td style=${{ color: r.vehicleT != null && r.vehicleT > 45 ? '#c0392b' : r.vehicleT != null && r.vehicleT > 35 ? '#e67e22' : '#7f8c8d', fontWeight: 'bold' }}>
${r.vehicleT != null ? r.vehicleT.toFixed(1) : '—'}
</td>`}
${visibleCols.indoorT && html`
<td style=${{ color: r.indoorT != null && r.indoorT > 32 ? '#c0392b' : r.indoorT != null && r.indoorT > 26 ? '#e67e22' : '#4a7a4a', fontWeight: 'bold' }}>
${r.indoorT != null ? r.indoorT.toFixed(1) : '—'}
</td>`}
${visibleCols.wind && html`<td>
${r.va.toFixed(1)}${r.gust != null && r.gust > r.va + 0.5
? html`<span style=${{ opacity: 0.65, marginLeft: '4px' }}>(${r.gust.toFixed(1)})</span>`
@@ -928,7 +1044,7 @@ export function UTCIForecast() {
${visibleCols.tmrt && html`<td>${r.Tmrt.toFixed(1)}</td>`}
${visibleCols.delta && html`
<td style=${{
color: delta > 3 ? '#c8601a' : delta < -3 ? '#3f73c4' : '#9a7d5a',
color: delta > 3 ? '#c8601a' : delta < -3 ? '#3f73c4' : '#4a3218',
fontWeight: 600,
}}>
${delta > 0 ? '+' : ''}${delta.toFixed(1)}
@@ -940,22 +1056,22 @@ export function UTCIForecast() {
</span>
</td>`}
${visibleCols.uvA && html`
<td style=${{ color: r.uvA > 0 ? '#c8922a' : '#5a4228' }}>
<td style=${{ color: r.uvA > 0 ? '#c8922a' : '#4a3218' }}>
${r.uvA > 0 ? r.uvA.toFixed(1) : '—'}
</td>`}
${visibleCols.uvB && html`
<td style=${{ color: r.uvB > 0 ? '#c44a3a' : '#5a4228', fontWeight: 600 }}>
<td style=${{ color: r.uvB > 0 ? '#c44a3a' : '#4a3218' }}>
${r.uvB > 0 ? r.uvB.toFixed(2) : '—'}
</td>`}
${visibleCols.burn && html`
<td style=${{ color: r.uv > 0 ? (sunburnMinutes(r.uv, skinType) < 30 ? '#c44a3a' : '#c8601a') : '#5a4228' }}>
<td style=${{ color: r.uv > 0 ? (sunburnMinutes(r.uv, skinType) < 30 ? '#c44a3a' : '#c8601a') : '#4a3218' }}>
${burnLabel(sunburnMinutes(r.uv, skinType))}
</td>`}
${visibleCols.precip && html`
<td>
<span style=${{ display: 'inline-flex', alignItems: 'center', gap: '5px', verticalAlign: 'middle' }}>
<${PrecipIcon} precip=${r.precip} snow=${r.snow} size=${28} />
<span style=${{ color: r.snow > 0 ? '#6090c8' : r.precip > 0 ? '#5090b0' : '#c0a880' }}>
<span style=${{ color: r.snow > 0 ? '#2a5fa8' : r.precip > 0 ? '#2a6a90' : '#7a5c30' }}>
${r.snow > 0 ? r.snow.toFixed(1) + 'cm' : r.precip > 0 ? r.precip.toFixed(1) : '—'}
</span>
</span>
assets/js/physics.js
+219 -8
View File
@@ -18,15 +18,226 @@
// These are real-world physics values — don't change them unless you
// have a peer-reviewed reason. They're used by calcTmrt() below to
// work out how much heat your skin actually absorbs from the sun.
// SIGMA — Stefan–Boltzmann constant (radiates heat)
// EPSILON_P — emissivity of human skin (~0.97)
// A_K — short-wave absorption coefficient for clothing
// ALBEDO_GRASS — how much sun grass reflects back at you (23%)
// SIGMA — Stefan–Boltzmann constant (radiates heat)
// EPSILON_P — emissivity of human skin (~0.97)
// A_K — short-wave absorption coefficient for clothing
// ALBEDO_GRASS — how much sun grass reflects back at you (23%)
// ALBEDO_CONCRETE — how much sun concrete reflects back (30%)
// Concrete absorbs more net solar than grass and has
// no evaporative cooling, so its surface runs hot.
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
export const SIGMA = 5.670374419e-8;
export const EPSILON_P = 0.97;
export const A_K = 0.7;
export const ALBEDO_GRASS = 0.23;
export const SIGMA = 5.670374419e-8;
export const EPSILON_P = 0.97;
export const A_K = 0.7;
export const ALBEDO_GRASS = 0.23;
export const ALBEDO_CONCRETE = 0.30;
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// CONCRETE SURFACE TEMPERATURE (Urban profile)
// ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
// Estimates the surface temperature of exposed concrete using a
// simplified energy-balance approach:
// • Absorbed solar = globalRad × (1 − albedo)
// • No latent heat (no evaporation — concrete is dry)
// • Convective loss to air proportional to wind speed
// • Result is clamped to a physically plausible range
//
// This is what matters for contact heat stress in cities — the UTCI
// standard uses grass, which runs ~5–15 °C cooler than urban concrete
// on a sunny day because grass sweats (transpires).
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
export function calcConcreteTemp(Ta, globalRad, windSpeed) {
if (globalRad == null || Ta == null) return null;
const absorbed = globalRad * (1 - ALBEDO_CONCRETE); // W/m²
// Convective heat transfer coefficient: ~5 W/m²K still air, rises with wind
const hc = 5 + 4.5 * Math.sqrt(Math.max(windSpeed || 0, 0));
// Surface temp: Ta + solar gain / convective loss
const Ts = Ta + absorbed / hc;
// Clamp: can't be cooler than air, cap at 85 °C (melting asphalt territory)
return Math.max(Ta, Math.min(Ts, 85));
}
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// UK HOUSE INDOOR TEMPERATURE (windows closed, no active cooling)
// ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
// Estimates the ambient indoor air temperature of a typical UK brick
// house with windows closed and no air conditioning.
//
// Two heat pathways are modelled:
//
// 1. WALL CONDUCTION
// Heat conducts through brick cavity walls and roof. UK Part L
// compliant walls have a U-value around 0.28–0.45 W/m²K; older
// solid-brick stock runs higher. A representative mid-stock value
// is used. This drives a slow, steady heat transfer proportional
// to the difference between outdoor and indoor air temperature.
//
// 2. WINDOW SOLAR GAIN
// A typical UK semi has ~15–18% glazing ratio. Solar energy
// transmits through glass, is absorbed by floors and furniture,
// and heats the indoor air. Gain is averaged across orientations
// (not all windows face south). Diffuse radiation contributes
// regardless of sun angle.
//
// THERMAL LAG
// Brick and concrete have high thermal mass — the house responds
// slowly to outdoor temperature swings. This function takes a
// weighted average of the current hour's heat load and the
// previous few hours', giving the characteristic lag where indoor
// temperature peaks 2–4 hours after the outdoor peak.
// Call calcIndoorTempPass() on the full hourly arrays after
// building rows — it returns a per-hour indoor temp array.
//
// No mechanical cooling. Minimal infiltration (windows closed).
// Internal heat gains (people, appliances) are not modelled.
//
// Colour thresholds:
// < 20 °C — cool, may need heating
// 20–26 °C — comfortable
// 26–32 °C — warm; WHO heatwave advisory threshold for sleeping
// > 32 °C — hot; risk for elderly and vulnerable occupants
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// Single-hour instantaneous heat load (W/m² effective, indoor side).
// Used internally by calcIndoorTempPass — not exported.
function _houseHeatLoad(Ta, globalRad, solElev) {
// Wall + roof conduction: U-value ~0.35 W/m²K × effective envelope area ratio
// We express as a gain-per-degree-delta — applied against Ti later in the pass.
// (See calcIndoorTempPass for how this feeds the lag model.)
// Window solar gain: glazing ratio 0.16, g-value 0.63 (standard double glazing),
// averaged across orientations (0.5 factor — not all windows face the sun).
const glazingRatio = 0.16;
const gValue = 0.63;
const orientFactor = 0.50;
const solarGain = globalRad * glazingRatio * gValue * orientFactor;
return { conductionDelta: Ta, solarGain };
}
// Two-pass function: call with the full arrays of hourly Ta and globalRad.
// Returns an array of indoor temperatures, one per hour.
export function calcIndoorTempPass(TaArr, globArr, elevArr) {
const n = TaArr.length;
const result = new Array(n);
// Thermal resistance of the building envelope (°C per W/m² of heat load)
// Lower = faster response to outdoor changes. UK brick mid-stock ~0.45.
const uWall = 0.35; // W/m²K effective wall U-value
// Thermal mass time constant: heavier = longer lag.
// ~4 h lag for typical UK brick semi (expressed as exponential decay weight).
const lagHours = 4;
const alpha = 1 - Math.exp(-1 / lagHours); // per-hour blending weight
// Seed indoor temp to first outdoor temp
let Ti = TaArr[0] ?? 15;
for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {
const Ta = TaArr[i] ?? Ti;
const glob = globArr[i] ?? 0;
const solElev = elevArr[i] ?? 0;
// Solar gain through windows (W/m² effective)
const glazingRatio = 0.16;
const gValue = 0.63;
const orientFactor = 0.50;
const solarGain = glob * glazingRatio * gValue * orientFactor;
// Conductive heat flow through walls: proportional to (Ta - Ti)
// uWall drives how quickly the indoor temp chases outdoor temp.
const conductionGain = uWall * (Ta - Ti);
// Target indoor temp this hour if there were no thermal mass:
// Ti_instant = Ti + conduction + solar load / heat capacity proxy
// heatCap proxy: how many degrees does 1 W/m² raise the indoor air?
// For a typical 90 m² house, ~0.15 °C per W/m² effective.
const heatCapProxy = 0.15;
const Ti_instant = Ti + (conductionGain + solarGain) * heatCapProxy;
// Apply thermal lag: blend toward Ti_instant slowly
Ti = Ti + alpha * (Ti_instant - Ti);
// Can't be colder than outdoor (house doesn't actively cool)
// Cap at 55 °C (physically implausible above this for a house interior)
result[i] = Math.max(Math.min(Ti, 55), Math.min(Ta, Ti));
}
return result;
}
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// VEHICLE INTERIOR CABIN TEMPERATURE (seated occupant, not in sunbeam)
// ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
// Models the ambient cabin air temperature experienced by an occupant
// seated out of direct sunlight inside a sealed, parked vehicle.
// Two heat sources are combined:
//
// 1. PANEL CONDUCTION
// Aluminium body panels absorb solar radiation and conduct heat
// into the cabin. Albedo ~0.25 (mid-point for typical mixed-colour
// fleet; dark paint ~0.10, silver/white ~0.40).
// Panel surface temp → conductive gain into cabin air.
//
// 2. SIDE-WINDOW GLAZING GAIN (sun-angle dependent)
// When solar elevation is between ~10° and ~60°, the sun's rays
// cut through the side glass at an angle that allows significant
// transmission into the cabin (rather than hitting the roof or
// reflecting off at a shallow angle). This warms the cabin air
// but the occupant is modelled as NOT sitting in the beam —
// so it adds to ambient cabin temp, not direct radiant load.
// Above 60° the sun mostly hits the roof; below 10° it reflects.
//
// Wind is ignored (vehicle is sealed). No evaporative cooling.
// Steady-state reached after ~45–60 min of parking.
//
// Colour thresholds in the table:
// < 35 °C — warm but tolerable for short periods
// 35–45 °C — dangerous for children/pets (hyperthermia risk)
// > 45 °C — potentially fatal within minutes
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
export function calcVehicleInteriorTemp(Ta, globalRad, solElev) {
if (globalRad == null || Ta == null) return null;
// ── 1. Panel conduction ──────────────────────────────────────────
const albedoPanel = 0.25; // typical mixed fleet
const panelAbsorbed = globalRad * (1 - albedoPanel); // W/m² absorbed by bodywork
// Panel surface temp: absorbed solar / convective loss to outside air
// hOut ~10 W/m²K (light breeze over panel surface even when parked)
const hOut = 10;
const panelSurfaceTemp = Ta + panelAbsorbed / hOut;
// Conductive gain into cabin: panel-to-cabin air, ~4 W/m²K through metal + trim
const hCabin = 4;
const conductionGain = hCabin * (panelSurfaceTemp - Ta); // W/m²
// ── 2. Side-window glazing gain (angle-dependent) ─────────────────
// Glazing transmission for auto glass ~0.70
const tau = 0.70;
let glazingGain = 0;
if (solElev != null && solElev > 10 && solElev < 60) {
// Scale factor: peaks around 30–40° elevation (sun cuts squarely
// through side glass), tapers off toward 10° (shallow/reflected)
// and 60° (sun increasingly hitting roof not side glass).
// Use a simple tent function peaking at 35°.
const peak = 35;
const halfWidth = 25; // degrees either side
const factor = Math.max(0, 1 - Math.abs(solElev - peak) / halfWidth);
// Diffuse radiation also enters through glass regardless of angle
glazingGain = tau * globalRad * factor * 0.5; // occupant not in beam → 50% ambient
} else {
// Outside the side-window zone: diffuse only (scattered sky light)
glazingGain = tau * (globalRad * 0.15); // ~15% diffuse fraction
}
// ── Combine into cabin air temperature ───────────────────────────
// Total heat input per m² of cabin surface
const totalGain = conductionGain + glazingGain;
// Cabin heat loss: poor natural ventilation in sealed car ~2.0 W/m²K
const hCabinLoss = 2.0;
const Ti = Ta + totalGain / hCabinLoss;
// Clamp: can't be cooler than outside air; physical cap at 90 °C
return Math.max(Ta, Math.min(Ti, 90));
}
// Vapour pressure (Magnus → hPa)
export function vaporPressureHpa(Ta, RH) {